Charging your electric vehicle, also called an EV, properly is crucial for keeping it running smoothly and efficiently. This guide will provide some quick tips to help EV drivers charge their electric vehicle safely and effectively.
How to charge an electric vehicle
Electric vehicles typically come with three types of charging options: Level 1, Level 2 and DC fast charging. Charging speeds vary between options, leading to significant differences in charging times.
Level 1 chargers use a standard 120-volt outlet and are the slowest option, so they’re best for overnight charging at home. Level 2 chargers require a 240-volt outlet and charge faster than Level 1 chargers, making them suitable for home charging and some public charging stations. DC fast charging is the quickest option, can be found at public charging stations, and can charge your EV to 80% in around 30 minutes.
Home charging
If you have a garage or driveway, installing a Level 2 charger at home is convenient and cost effective. Make sure to hire a qualified electrician to install the charge equipment safely. Additionally, consider using a programmable charger to take advantage of off-peak electricity rates, which will save you money in the long run.
Cost of charging electric car at home
Charging your EV at home is often the most affordable option. The cost of electricity varies depending on your location and utility provider. On average, charging an electric vehicle at home can range from $0.03 to $0.15 per mile depending on your home utility provider’s cost per kilowatt-hour, or kWh. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, a full charge will cost about $6, which is significantly lower than the cost of gasoline for a similar distance.
Many utility providers offer time-of-use, or TOU rates, where electricity costs vary depending on the time of day. Charging your EV during off-peak hours, typically late at night or early morning, can result in lower electricity rates. Take advantage of TOU rates by scheduling your EV’s charging sessions during these times to save money.
Make sure to review your insurance policies and understand where coverage applies and for what reasons. If damage to your home or vehicle occurs because of your home vehicle charger, it may be covered by your homeowners insurance. Make sure to review the terms and conditions of your policies.
Public charging stations
When on the road, you’ll encounter public charging stations. Plan your routes ahead of time using apps or websites that show charging station locations and availability. Remember to bring any necessary adapters or cables, since different charging stations may have varying plug types.
If your vehicle is damaged due to a fault or accident with a public charging station, you may have coverage through your auto insurance policy. Depending on the nature of what happened, the charging station manufacturer may be responsible for repairing or replacing your vehicle.
Cost of charging electric cars at charging stations
Charging your electric car at a public station will cost more than fueling up at home. Public stations typically use Level 2 chargers, which are slower but cheaper, costing around $0.20 to $0.25 kWh. On the other hand, DC fast chargers can juice up your battery much quicker but come at a steeper price, ranging from $0.30 to $0.48 per kWh.
The exact cost depends on location and electricity rates. In the end, expect to pay somewhere between $10 and $30 to fully charge your car at a public station, depending on the charger type and battery size.
Total cost of ownership
When considering the costs of charging your electric vehicle, look beyond just the price of electricity. Electric vehicles typically have lower maintenance costs compared to gasoline-powered cars, as they have fewer moving parts and don’t require oil changes. Additionally, federal and state incentives, such as tax credits and rebates, can further reduce the overall cost of owning an electric vehicle.
Charging etiquette
Be mindful of other EV owners when using public charging stations. Avoid leaving your vehicle parked at a charging station after it’s finished charging to allow others to use the spot. Charging stations are meant for charging, not parking, so move your vehicle promptly after it’s done charging.
Battery maintenance
To prolong the lifespan of your EV’s battery, avoid frequently charging it to 100% or letting it drop to 0%. Instead, aim to keep the battery between 20% and 80% charge for optimal performance and longevity. Additionally, avoid exposing your EV to extreme temperatures for prolonged periods because this can degrade the battery over time.
Emergency charging
In case of emergencies or unexpected situations where you can’t access a charging station, know your EV’s range and plan accordingly. Keep a portable charger or an adapter for standard outlets in your vehicle as a backup option. Additionally, familiarize yourself with alternative charging options such as RV parks or public outlets.
If you're in a pinch, you may need help from roadside assistance. Roadside assistance can typically tow your vehicle to a service station or possibly a charger. Some tow companies are outfitting portable EV chargers to help get your vehicle back on the road and on your way to get a full charge. Check your policy to see if roadside assistance is an added or provided benefit with your auto insurance coverage. Consider adding this coverage if you don’t currently have it.
By following these simple guidelines, you can ensure that charging your electric vehicle is a hassle-free experience. With the growing infrastructure for EV charging and advancements in technology, owning an electric vehicle has never been more convenient or accessible. So charge up and hit the road with confidence.
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